Which of these examples illustrates a vertical transmission of a parasite? (2 answers)

Question

Which of these examples illustrates a vertical transmission of a parasite? (2 answers)

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks us to identify examples of vertical transmission of a parasite and specifies that there are 2 correct answers.
Option 1: 'A pregnant mother passes HIV to her child.' This is a classic case of vertical (or maternal) transmission, where the pathogen is transmitted from parent to offspring across the placenta, during birth, or through breast milk, thereby affecting the child.
Option 2: 'A fungal pathogen infects a plant and deposits spores in the seeds that infect the plant's offspring.' This describes transmission from parent plant to offspring via seeds, which is another form of vertical transmission, as the offspring inherit the pathogen through legitimate reproduction.
If any option described transmission occurring between unrelated individuals or through vectors like mosquitoes, or via environmental exposure without a parent-offspring link, it would typically be considered horizontal transmission rather than vertical. Here, both presented scenarios involve the parent passing the parasite to the next generation, satisfying the criteria for vertical transmission.

生物学 1001 (001-013) 第24课学习测验

Which of these examples illustrates a vertical transmission of a parasite? (2 answers)

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