In Stop to Think 19.2, which process results in the gas having a larger final temperature when the gas reaches State 3?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about Stop to Think 19.2 and which process leads to a larger final temperature for the gas when it reaches State 3.
Option A: Process A. To evaluate this, we would need details about what distinguishes Process A from the others (e.g., changes in heat transfer, work done, or energy pathways). Without that context, we cannot justify that Process A necessarily yields a larger final temperature. If Process A involves only reversible or isothermal steps, the final temperature might not be the largest possible; thus, this option remains uncertain.
Option B: Process B. Similarly, understanding whether Process B raises the final temperature more than the alternatives requires specifics about the sequence of state changes, heat exchange, and work. Without those particulars, we cannot claim that Process B produces the largest final temperature. It could be higher or lower depending on the process details.
Option C: The temperature of the gas in State 3 is independent of the process. This statement claims that, regardless of whether the gas followed Process A or B, the temperature at State 3 ends up the same. If the problem design indicates that the final temperature at State 3 is fixed by the state variables or the constraints of the process (for example, a fixed energy change or a defined end state), then this option would be consistent with a scenario where the path does not affect the final temperature.
In assessing these choices, we should consider standard thermodynamics principles: path independence of state variables like temperature is not universal unless the system ends at the same thermodynamic state with fixed energy, volume, and particle number. If the problem states State 3 is defined by particular conditions that do not depend on the path, then the temperature could indeed be independent of the process. Conversely, if the end state or energy exchanges are path-dependent, the final temperature could vary between processes.
Given the prompt’s phrasing about which process results in a larger final temperature, the most parsimonious interpretation is that the problem implies the final state quantity is determined by the state itself, not the path, making any path-dependent difference moot. Consequently, the claim that the temperature at State 3 is independent of the process would address the comparison directly and align with a fixed-state interpretation.
If one considers the specific thermodynamic details typically presented in Stop to Think problems, the correct option is the one asserting independence from the process, while the other two would require extra information to justify a larger final temperature for one process over the other, which is not supplied in the prompt.

In Stop to Think 19.2, which process results in the gas having a larger final temperature when the gas reaches State 3?

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