Question at position 15 Assume a client is establishing communication with a server through a 3-way TCP handshake protocol. During the second phase of the 3-way protocol, which of the six flags (U, A, P, R, S, F) will be set by the server?A and PU and ASA and S

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let's restate the scenario and options to anchor the thinking. The question asks about the flags set by the server in the second phase of the TCP three-way handshake. The available options for the flag combinations are:
- A and P
- U and A
- S
- A and S

Now, evaluate each option step by step. 
Option 1: A and P. This would mean the server sets ACK and PUSH. While ACK is part of the handshake, PUSH is not a distinct handshake flag used to establish the connection; PUSH is a data-transfer control flag used to request immediate data transfer in established connections. Therefore, A and P is not the correct description of the handshake phase flags.

Option 2: U and A. This would mean URG and ACK are set. URG indicates urgent data, which is not a characteristic of the handshake phase either. During the handshake, urgent data is not a required element, so this combination does not describe the handshake flags.

Option 3: S. This would mean only SYN is set. In the second phase of the TCP three-way handshake, the server does not send only SYN; it replies with a SYN-ACK to acknowledge the client's SYN and to establish the connection parameters. Therefore, this option misses the essential ACK component.

Option 4: A and S. This combination corresponds to ACK and SYN both being set. In the standard TCP three-way handshake, the server responds to the client's SYN with a packet that has both the SYN and ACK flags enabled. This is the characteristic second-step reply that completes the handshake initiation from the server side.

Putting this together, the first three options describe flag patterns that do not align with the actual behavior of the server in step two, either by misplacing which flags are involved or by omitting a flag that must be present. The fourth option captures the correct handshake behavior, where both SYN and ACK are set in the server's response.

In summary, the reasoning shows why each non-matching option fails and why the SYN-ACK combination (S and A) accurately represents the server's action in the second phase of the TCP three-way handshake.

Question at position 15 Assume a client is establishing communication with a server through a 3-way TCP handshake protocol. During the second phase of the 3-way protocol, which of the six flags (U, A, P, R, S, F) will be set by the server?A and PU and ASA and S

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