Both title and abstract and full-text screening should be done in duplicate:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When considering screening steps in a systematic review process, the practice is to perform screening in duplicate to minimize bias and errors.
Option a: 'a. true' — This statement is consistent with standard methodological guidance. Conducting title/abstract screening and full-text screening in duplicate helps detect misclassifications, reduces individual bias, and increases reliability of study selection. If discrepancies arise, they are typically resolved through discussion or by a third reviewer, which further strengthens the process.
Option b: 'b. false' — This would imply that duplicate screening is unnecessary, which risks missing eligible studies or inappropriately excluding relevant ones. It ignores mechanisms like inter-rater agreement, kappa statistics, and adjudication that are designed precisely to improve accuracy and reproducibility in study selection. Additionally, while resource constraints exist, the consensus in systematic review methodology emphasizes duplication or at least dual screening with reconciliation, rather than single screening.
In summary, duplicate screening at both the title/abstract and full-text stages addresses common sources of error and bias, whereas arguing that it is unnecessary overlooks established best practices in systematic reviews.

7PALMSYS 24~25 TERM2 000001 SYSTEMATIC REVI Section 4 - Quiz Link

Both title and abstract and full-text screening should be done in duplicate:

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