Question at position 20 A survey will be sent to dog owners to investigate their opinions on multiple topics. Which of the following questions on the survey is most likely to contribute to question-wording bias?How many times did you take your dogs to a vet last year?Does your dog sleep in your bed on a regular basis?Should responsible dog owners purchase pet insurance?How much money do you spend on dog food each year?How many dogs do you own?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating which survey question is most likely to contribute to question-wording bias, we look for language that pushes respondents toward a particular answer or frames the topic in a loaded way.
Option 1: 'How many times did you take your dogs to a vet last year?' This question is fairly neutral in scope, asking for a factual count without implying a normative judgment or expectation.
Option 2: 'Does your dog sleep in your bed on a regular basis?' This item is also relatively neutral in framing, simply inquiring about a behavior without suggesting a value judgement or policy stance.
Option 3: 'Should responsible dog owners purchase pet insurance?' This is a classic example of wording bias because it presumes that pet insurance is advisable or desirable for 'responsible' dog owners, embedding a normative position into the question. The phrase 'Should responsible dog owners' frames respondents to consider policy in a prescriptive way and may lead agreement due to social desirability or perceived obligation, thereby biasing responses.
Option 4: 'How much money do you spend on dog food each year?' This item asks for a spending amount and does not carry an inherent evaluative stance, though it could trigger budgeting concerns, it’s not framed to push a particular moral or policy conclusion.
Option 5: 'How many dogs do you own?' This is a straightforward count of ownership and lacks any evaluative or prescriptive framing; it’s unlikely to induce bias beyond standard measurement error.
In terms of which option is most prone to question-wording bias, option 3 stands out because it embeds a normative assumption (that purchasing pet insurance is the appropriate choice for 'responsible' owners) and thus is likely to steer respondents toward a favorable or predetermined stance, rather than eliciting a neutral assessment of attitudes toward insurance.
Overall, the core issue with the biased item is the loaded frame that designates a value-laden recommendation within the question itself, which is absent in the other options and thus less likely to produce biased responses.

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