The movement depicted in the top diagram is retraction (adduction) .

The movement depicted in the bottom diagram is depression

Question

The movement depicted in the top diagram is retraction (adduction) .

The movement depicted in the bottom diagram is depression

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks you to identify the movements shown in two diagrams: the top diagram and the bottom diagram.
Top diagram: The movement is described as retraction (adduction). This means the shoulder blades (scapulae) are moved toward the midline of the back, effectively squeezing them together. In anatomical terms, adduction of the scapula is synonymous with retraction, so labeling this as retraction (adduction) is accurate.
Bottom diagram: The movement is described as depression. Depression refers to a downward movement of a body part. In the context of the shoulder girdle, depression involves lowering the shoulders from a raised position, which matches the depicted motion in the bottom image.
Why this ruling makes sense: 
- Retraction/adduction involves pulling the scapulae toward the spine, reducing their lateral separation. The top image shows the scapulae moving inward, which aligns with retraction.
- Depression involves moving the shoulders downward; the bottom image shows the shoulders lowering, which is characteristic of depression.
Important clarifications to avoid confusion: 
- Protraction (abduction) would move the scapulae away from the spine, producing a forward-rounded shoulder posture, which is the opposite of retraction. 
- Elevation would raise the shoulders upward, which is different from depression.
- Elevation and depression are vertical movements of the shoulder girdle, while protraction and retraction are horizontal movements toward or away from the spine.
In summary, the top movement is correctly identified as retraction (adduction), and the bottom movement is correctly identified as depression.

2025FA-HES-207-001 B. ONQ#10 SG

The movement depicted in the top diagram is retraction (adduction) . The movement depicted in the bottom diagram is depression

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