The chromosomal mutation depicted in this image is best described as ______.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: The chromosomal mutation depicted in this image is best described as ______.
Options: 
- a deletion mutation 
- a reciprocal translocation mutation 
- an inversion mutation 
- a duplication mutation

Analysis of each option:
- Deletion mutation: A deletion involves loss of a chromosome segment, resulting in one chromosome missing a portion. In the image, the chromosomes are showing segments being exchanged between nonhomologous chromosomes rather than simply missing a piece from one chromosome. Therefore a deletion does not fit the depicted rearrangement.
- Reciprocal translocation mutation: This event involves an exchange of segments between two nonhomologous chromosomes, producing a swapped arrangement of genetic material between them. The figure shows two chromosomes that have exchanged terminal segments, ending with the same total material but rearranged across chromosomes, which is characteristic of a reciprocal translocation.
- Inversion mutation: An inversion occurs when a chromosome segment is flipped in orientation within the same chromosome. The image, however, shows material moving to a different chromosome rather than a segment being inverted in place, so this option does not match the depicted change.
- Duplication mutation: Duplication results in an extra copy of a chromosome segment, increasing the amount of genetic material. The image does not display an additional copy of a segment within the same chromosome; instead, segments are exchanged between chromosomes, so duplication is not correct here.

Putting these observations together, the rearrangement shown corresponds to a reciprocal translocation, where segments have been exchanged between two chromosomes, maintaining total genetic material but redistributed across chromosomes.

The chromosomal mutation depicted in this image is best described as ______.

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