Which statement best explains the relationship between Defects per Opportunity and Defects per Unit?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: The prompt asks which statement best explains the relationship between Defects per Opportunity (DPO) and Defects per Unit (DPU).

Option 1: 'DPO converts directly to Six Sigma' This is vague and misleading. Six Sigma relates to DPMO (defects per million opportunities) and process capability, but saying DPO converts directly to Six Sigma oversimplifies or misstates the established metrics relationship.

Option 2: 'DPO equals DPU times 100,000' This is incorrect. DPU measures defects per unit, while DPO measures defects per opportunity. They scale by the number of opportunities per unit, not by a fixed factor like 100,000. There is no universal multiplier of 100,000 that links DPU and DPO.

Option 3: 'DPO and DPU are actually the same thing' This is inaccurate. DPU and DPO are distinct measures: DPU is defects per unit, and DPO is defects per opportunity. They are only related but not identical, except in a specific edge case described in the correct option.

Option 4: 'DPO equals DPU if there is only one opportunity for failure per unit' This is correct. When each unit has exactly one opportunity for a defect, defects per unit and defects per opportunity are the same value, so DPU = DPO under that condition. In general, DPU = (defects per unit) and DPO = (defects per unit) / (number of opportunities per unit); the equality holds specifically when opportunities per unit = 1.

Summary of key idea: DPU quantifies defects per unit regardless of how many opportunities there are, while DPO quantifies defects per opportunity and will equal DPU only when each unit has a single opportunity for failure. The other options misstate or overgeneralize the relationship between DPU and DPO, leading to incorrect conclusions.

Which statement best explains the relationship between Defects per Opportunity and Defects per Unit?

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