The ‘special interest effect’ refers to the bias of government in favor of policies that

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating the question about the 'special interest effect,' we examine what the term implies about how government policy tends to be shaped by concentrated benefits and diffuse costs.
Option 1: 'support small groups at the expense of large groups.' This aligns with the classic description of the special interest effect, where a policy may confer sizable, concentrated benefits on a small group while imposing broad, diffuse costs on the larger population, making the small group more motivated to lobby.
Option 2: 'serve consumer interests at the expense of businesses.' This framing suggests a general public interest orientation affecting consumers and businesses, but it does not capture the core idea of a policy serving a narrow, well-organized group while harming others; the concept is more about targeted benefits rather than a broad consumer-versus-business dynamic.
Option 3: 'support large groups at the expense of small groups of business firms.' This presents an opposite dynamic to the special interest effect, where a policy would favor broad, diffuse holders instead of a narrow group; it contradicts the typical pattern of concentrated benefits.
Option 4: 'serve national interests, such as national defense.' This option describes a justified or broad-area objective rather than the mechanism of the special interest effect, which emphasizes selective gains for a small group rather than universal or broad national aims.
In sum, the essence of the special interest effect is the tendency for policy to be shaped to benefit a small, organized faction at the expense of a larger, less organized population, which makes Option 1 the most consistent with that concept, while Options 2, 3, and 4 depict different framings that do not capture the same selective-benefit dynamic.

SP25 G202 Kreft & Mafi-Kreft Self-Test Quiz 2

The ‘special interest effect’ refers to the bias of government in favor of policies that

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