According to Erik Erikson, during middle and late childhood children are in the stage of

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Question restatement: According to Erik Erikson, during middle and late childhood children are in the stage of

Options:
- identity versus identity diffusion.
- industry versus inferiority.
- trust versus mistrust.
- autonomy versus shame and doubt.

Analysis of each option:
Option 1: identity versus identity diffusion. This stage is associated with adolescence and the search for personal identity, not middle and late childhood. The term 'identity diffusion' is also not a standard Eriksonian stage name, making this choice inaccurate for the specified age range.

Option 2: industry versus inferiority. This answer aligns with Erikson’s stage for roughly ages 5 to 12 (middle to late childhood). The core task is developing a sense of industry through mastering skills and competencies, leading to feelings of competence or, if discouraged, inferiority. This is the recognized stage for this developmental period.

Option 3: trust versus mistrust. This is the first stage in Erikson’s theory and occurs in infancy, not in middle or late childhood. It centers on the infant’s sense of security with caregivers, so it does not fit the age group in question.

Option 4: autonomy versus shame and doubt. This stage occurs during early childhood (roughly ages 1 to 3) as children begin to assert independence. It is outside the middle/late childhood window described in the question, making it an incorrect fit here.

Synthesis: By matching the age range with Erikson’s stages, option 2 is the only one that correctly identifies the middle to late childhood period as the stage of industry versus inferiority. The other options correspond to earlier or later developmental periods and involve different central tasks (identity formation in adolescence; trust in infancy; autonomy in toddler years).

Intro to Child Psychology Exam #5 (11-13); some (14-16) - 12/1

According to Erik Erikson, during middle and late childhood children are in the stage of

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