According to Erik Erikson, middle childhood is a time in which children must resolve the conflict between

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To tackle the question, we first recall Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development and where middle childhood fits.
Option 1: 'parents and peers' — While relationships with parents and peers are important, the specific psychosocial crisis described for middle childhood is not a conflict between parents and peers but rather a struggle within the child to develop competence. This option misidentifies the core conflict of this period.
Option 2: 'security and independence' — This phrasing echoes aspects of autonomy versus shame and doubt, which occurs earlier in toddler and preschool years, not in middle childhood. It does not match Erikson's middle-childhood challenge, so it is not correct for this question.
Option 3: 'chores and homework' — This is an activity description, not a psychosocial conflict. The question asks about the fundamental developmental crisis, not about specific tasks or responsibilities, making this option inappropriate.
Option 4: 'industry and inferiority' — This is the key psychosocial conflict for middle childhood (roughly ages 6 to 12). 'Industry' involves children developing new skills, gaining competence, and feeling a sense of achievement through schoolwork, games, and activities. 'Inferiority' arises when children doubt their abilities or feel they cannot meet expectations, leading to low self-esteem. This option directly matches Erikson's model for this developmental period, making it the correct articulation of the middle-childhood conflict.

PSYC-312-02 Quiz Chapter 13

According to Erik Erikson, middle childhood is a time in which children must resolve the conflict between

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