In contrast to Freud, Erikson placed more emphasis on social and historical than on biological influences.

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Consider the statement presented: Erikson placed more emphasis on social and historical influences rather than biological ones in his theory.
Option 1: True. This characterization aligns with Erikson’s psychosocial development framework, which centers on social interactions, culture, and historical context across eight stages. He focused on how identity and personality evolve through interactions with others and society, rather than attributing development primarily to biological drives like Freud did with psychosexual theory.
Option 2: False. If we examine Freud, he indeed emphasized biological and instinctual drives as the engine of early development, particularly in the oral, anal, and phallic stages. Erikson, by contrast, broadened the lens to include social demands, relationships, and historical era, which is captured in the statement as a shift away from biology towards social-historical factors. Therefore labeling the statement as false would misrepresent Erikson’s emphasis and contradict the core distinction between his theory and Freud’s.
Option 1 further contrasts with Freud’s emphasis on biology, supporting the claim that Erikson stressed social and historical influences. Option 2 would be inappropriate because it dismisses the social-historical focus that Erikson explicitly foregrounded in his theory. Overall, the statement accurately reflects Erikson’s emphasis relative to Freud’s emphasis on biological factors.

In contrast to Freud, Erikson placed more emphasis on social and historical than on biological influences.

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