When a subject is being tested on two lists of words in a row, when tested on the second list, they often erroneously recall items from the first list. What is this an example of?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In this scenario, a subject is tested on two lists of words in succession and shows increased recall of items from the first list when prompted with the second list. Such a pattern points to interference between memories from different lists.
Option 1: Retrieval-induced forgetting. This occurs when retrieving some items causes the suppression or forgetting of related items, typically within the same category or list during retrieval practice, not when items from the first list intrude while learning or recalling the second list. Therefore this option doesn’t fit the described phenomenon.
Option 2: Proactive interference. This is when earlier information (the first list) disrupts the learning or recall of newer information (the second list). The classic example is still recalling items from the first list while trying to remember the second list, exactly as described here. This option aligns with the observed effect.
Option 3: Release from proactive interference. This occurs when a change in context, such as a shift in category or environment, reduces the prior interference and improves recall for the new information. Since the question notes continued intrusion of the first list rather than a release, this is not the described effect.
Option 4: Retroactive interference. This is the opposite direction: new information (the second list) interferes with the recall of old information (the first list). The example given emphasizes the intrusion of first-list items during the second-list test, not the other way around, so this option is incorrect.

PSYC20007_2025_SM2 Week 9: Basics of Memory and Forgetting

When a subject is being tested on two lists of words in a row, when tested on the second list, they often erroneously recall items from the first list. What is this an example of?

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