In the following population age pyramid in 1990 as shown in Figure A, the birth rate under which point is primarily driven by One-Child policy?

Figure A: Population age pyramid 1990

Question

In the following population age pyramid in 1990 as shown in Figure A, the birth rate under which point is primarily driven by One-Child policy?

Figure A: Population age pyramid 1990

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the population age pyramid in 1990 and identifies the birth rate under a specific point as being primarily driven by the One-Child policy.

Note: The provided data structure shows answer_options as an empty list, so there are no distinct choices to evaluate one by one. In such cases, we can still reason about the underlying demographic logic and how the One-Child policy would affect the pyramid shape.

Understanding the policy effect: The One-Child policy reduced the number of births in households starting around the late 1970s through the 1980s and into the 1990s. This leads to a smaller number of births in the cohorts corresponding to those years, which in a population pyramid would manifest as a constricted or thinner segment among the younger age groups, relative to older cohorts that were born before the policy's full enforcement.

Thus, when asked which birth-rate indicator (represented as a point on the pyramid) is primarily driven by the One-Child policy, we are looking for the region of the pyramid where younger age cohorts become markedly narrower than older cohorts due to reduced births.

- If the question’s figure marks several horizontal lines or points across ages (A, B, C, D, etc.), the correct choice would be the line that corresponds to the younger age groups (the base and adjacent bands) showing a noticeable dip or narrowing compared with earlier cohorts. This reflects the policy’s impact in lowering births in the years following its implementation.

Why a lower younger-cohort segment is plausible: A policy restricting families to one child directly reduces the number of children born in each year after policy adoption, which accumulates over time to create a thinner base for the younger ages. In many population pyramids of countries with such policies, you’ll see a narrower bottom half (younger ages) than the top half (older ages), especially in the 0–20 or 0–25 age ranges depending on the exact timing.

Why other possibilities (if options existed) might be incorrect:
- If another point referred to the middle-age cohorts, that would reflect mortality or past fertility trends, not the policy’s immediate effect on birth rates.
- If a point indicated the oldest age groups, that would be dominated by aging and survival rather than fertility changes in 1990.
- If a point indicated no change or uniform fertility across ages, that would ignore the demographic signature of a strong fertility-reducing policy.

In summary, the One-Child policy would most prominently alter the birth-rate-driven portion of the pyramid by narrowing the younger cohorts, which is typically illustrated by the planed reduction around the base of the pyramid. If the labeled points represent various age bands, the one corresponding to the youngest age groups (i.e., the base) would be the one most driven by this policy, consistent with the provided answer of Point B.

SP25_ECON_363_1 Problem set for week 2

In the following population age pyramid in 1990 as shown in Figure A, the birth rate under which point is primarily driven by One-Child policy? Figure A: Population age pyramid 1990

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