Question at position 19 The year is 2028, you just completed a PhD in honey bee biology, and you receive a research article to review for Insectes Sociaux, a scientific journal focusing on discoveries made in social insects. The study you must evaluate characterizes, both chemically and behaviorally, a new pheromone in honey bees. This pheromone, dubbed WRP for Worker Releaser Pheromone, is a blend of 5 ethyl esters that can speed up development in the brood. As a reviewer, you should:reject the study on the grounds that releaser pheromones cannot be blends of chemicals thus their chemical characterization is erroneousask the authors to rename their chemical because it is not a pheromone since it is involved in communication between DIFFERENT life stages of honey beesask the authors to rename their pheromone because it is a primer pheromone with non-immediate effects on the physiology of larvae

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I will evaluate each potential reviewer instruction in light of pheromone science and honey bee communication.
Option 1: 'reject the study on the grounds that releaser pheromones cannot be blends of chemicals thus their chemical characterization is erroneous' This statement rests on a misunderstanding. In pheromone biology, releaser pheromones can indeed be chemical blends; many insect pheromones are complex mixtures. The claim that releaser pheromones cannot be blends is false, making this option scientifically unfounded and inappropriate as a review conclusion.
Option 2: 'ask the authors to rename their chemical because it is not a pheromone since it is involved in communication between DIFFERENT life stages of honey bees' The boundary here is problematic. Pheromones can mediate communication across life stages in some species or contexts, but the core issue is whether the studied substance functions as a pheromone within the honey bee system described. Simply noting cross-life-stage communication does not automatically disqualify it as a pheromone; it would require evidence that it modulates behavior or physiology as a chemical signal. As stated, this option relies on a strict, potentially inaccurate criterion for what constitutes a pheromone across life stages, making it a weak and potentially misleading basis for a revision request.
Option 3: 'ask the authors to rename their pheromone because it is a primer pheromone with non-immediate effects on the physiology of larvae' This aligns with established pheromone categories. Primer pheromones influence development or physiology but do not elicit immediate, overt behavioral responses; they are known to affect long-term processes such as growth rate or maturation timing. If the substance speeds up brood development via non-immediate physiological changes, labeling it a primer pheromone and requesting a renaming to reflect this functional class is scientifically appropriate. It correctly distinguishes primer pheromones from releaser (which trigger immediate behavioral responses) and from other pheromone classes.
In summary, option 1 misstates a core principle about releaser pheromones, option 2 relies on a questionable interpretation about cross-life-stage signaling and how that impacts pheromone status, and option 3 accurately targets the functional classification (primer pheromone) and suggests nomenclature aligned with its non-immediate physiological effects. The most coherent and scientifically sound choice is option 3, which specifies the primer pheromone nature and the need to rename accordingly.

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