From the options below, select the answer which best describes the trends in atomic radius and first ionisation energy from left to right across the transition metals in a given period.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating how atomic radius and first ionisation energy change across a period from left to right, it's helpful to recall the underlying electronic structure trends.
Option a: 'Atomic Radius decreases & First Ionisation Energy decreases.' The radius decreasing part is plausible, but ionisation energy typically does not decrease across a period; it generally increases because electrons are being added to the same shell while the nucleus exerts a stronger effective pull, making it harder to remove an electron. Therefore this option is inconsistent for the second part.
Option b: 'Atomic Radius decreases & First Ionisation Energy increases.' This aligns with the standard periodic trends: increasing nuclear charge across the period pulls electrons closer, shrinking atomic size, and the stronger attraction also requires more energy to remove the outermost electron, raising the first ionisation energy. This combination is coherent with the expected pattern for transition metals as you move across the period.
Option c: 'Atomic Radius increases & First Ionisation Energy decreases.' An increasing radius across a period contradicts the general trend of shrinking radius due to greater effective nuclear charge. Moreover, a decreasing ionisation energy would imply easier electron removal, which is unlikely as you move to elements with higher nuclear charge in the same shell. This option is inconsistent with known behavior.
Option d: 'Atomic Radius increases & First Ionisation Energy increases.' While the second half (ionisation energy increase) is correct, the first half is incorrect because atomic radius does not increase across the period; it typically decreases due to stronger attraction from the nucleus, despite adding electrons. This mismatch makes this option incorrect.
In summary, the combination described in option b coherently reflects the accepted trends: shrinking atomic radius and rising first ionisation energy as you traverse the transition metals from left to right within a given period.

CHM1051 MUM S2 2025 CHM1051 Practice Exam 2

From the options below, select the answer which best describes the trends in atomic radius and first ionisation energy from left to right across the transition metals in a given period.

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