Fletcher and her colleagues conducted a study with Mexican-American mothers and toddlers. They observed mothers and toddlers playing with a standard set of toys. One important conclusion from this study was that

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When evaluating the study by Fletcher and colleagues on Mexican-American mothers and toddlers, we must assess what each option claims about the relationship between mothers' and toddlers' play.

Option A: 'toddlers and mothers coordinate functional, but not symbolic, play.' This statement asserts that the coordination occurs only at a functional level and excludes symbolic play. If the study concluded that there is a broader, meaningful relationship between mothers and toddlers’ play, limiting it to functional play would misrepresent the depth of mother–child interaction observed. Therefore, this option is unlikely to be correct because it imposes a narrow boundary on the coordination that is typically evidenced in such developmental observations.

Option B: 'play with others is critical for toddlers' cognitive development.' While peer interaction can be important, the study described focuses on mother–toddler dyads and their play dynamics, not necessarily on peer play or general cognitive outcomes from third-party interactions. The claim extends beyond the specific observational context and conditional group (Mexican-American mothers and toddlers) and would not directly reflect the key conclusion about mother–toddler play relationships. Thus, this statement misstates the scope and the observed dyadic relationship.

Option C: 'mothers' response to their toddlers' play reflects a sensitivity to their child's motor development.' This suggests a very specific mechanism—sensitivity to motor milestones. Unless the study explicitly measured motor development and linked maternal responses to it, this claim may be overly precise. If the conclusion emphasized a broader relational quality between mother and toddler play rather than a motor-specific sensitivity, this option would be less fitting as the core takeaway.

Option D: 'mothers' and toddlers' play is related in meaningful ways.' This option captures a general, foundational conclusion that is commonly drawn from studies of parent–child play: there is a substantive, meaningful relationship between how mothers and toddlers engage during play, indicating coordination, responsiveness, and potential mutual regulation. This aligns with typical findings in developmental and cultural context studies where dyadic play patterns reflect ongoing interactional alignment and communication.

In summary, options A, B, and C each make more restricted or contextually misaligned claims about the dyadic play relationship, whereas option D aligns with the broad, core conclusion that the mother–toddler play relationship is meaningfully related.

Fletcher and her colleagues conducted a study with Mexican-American mothers and toddlers. They observed mothers and toddlers playing with a standard set of toys. One important conclusion from this study was that

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