The
[ Select ]
Pelvic splanchnic nn.
Vagus n. (CN X)
Splachnic nn.
provides parasympathetic innervation,
[ Select ]
stimulating
inhibiting
movement and activity, in the foregut (stomach, duodenum, accessory digestive organs).

Question

The 
[ Select ]
Pelvic splanchnic nn.
Vagus n. (CN X)
Splachnic nn.
 provides parasympathetic innervation, 
[ Select ]
stimulating
inhibiting
 movement and activity, in the foregut (stomach, duodenum, accessory digestive organs).

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I’ll first identify the relevant anatomical components and their typical roles.
Option candidates for innervation of the foregut include various autonomic pathways: the vagus nerve (CN X) provides parasympathetic input to the foregut, while pelvic splanchnic nerves contribute parasympathetic input to the hindgut/pelvic organs, and splanchnic nerves (thoracic, lumbar) generally carry sympathetic fibers to abdominal viscera.
Regarding the effect on activity, parasympathetic input to the foregut typically increases movement (peristalsis) and secretory activity, promoting digestion.
Option 1: Pelvic splanchnic nerves. These are parasympathetic fibers, but their target region is the hindgut and pelvic organs, not the foregut. Therefore, they would not be the primary source of parasympathetic innervation to the foregut.
Option 2: Vagus nerve (CN X). The vagus provides the principal parasympathetic innervation to the foregut (stomach, proximal duodenum, and related organs). This aligns with established anatomy and physiology.
Option 3: Splachnic nerves. The splanch nic nerves (thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves) carry sympathetic fibers to abdominal viscera; they generally counteract motility and secretion, inhibiting activity rather than stimulating it, which makes them unsuitable as the parasympathetic source for the foregut.
Option 4: Movement and activity stimulation. Parasympathetic input to the foregut typically stimulates peristalsis and secretory functions, rather than suppressing them, so the effect described here matches the known role of vagal parasympathetic activity in digestion.
In sum, the foregut receives parasympathetic innervation most notably from the vagus nerve (CN X), and this parasympathetic input stimulates movement and secretions. The pelvic splanchnic nerves are not the correct source for foregut parasympathetic innervation, and the splachnic nerves carry sympathetic fibers that would not produce the stimulating effect described.

The [ Select ] Pelvic splanchnic nn. Vagus n. (CN X) Splachnic nn. provides parasympathetic innervation, [ Select ] stimulating inhibiting movement and activity, in the foregut (stomach, duodenum, accessory digestive organs).

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