Which of the following intestinal nematodes is/are transmitted by ingestion of the eggs? i. Ascaris lumbricoides ii.Enterobius vermicularis iii.Strongyloides stercoralis iv.Trichuris trichuria

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To answer correctly, I will evaluate each nematode listed for its mode of transmission, specifically whether eggs are ingested.
Option a: ii, iii & iv. This would imply Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, and Trichuris trichuria are transmitted by ingesting eggs. While Enterobius vermicularis eggs can be ingested (via fingers, contaminated food), Strongyloides stercoralis is transmitted primarily by skin penetration of larvae (filariform larvae penetrating the skin, not by ingesting eggs). Also, Trichuris trichuria eggs can be ingested, but the combination here is incorrect due to Strongyloides. Therefore this option is not accurate.
Option b: i, ii & iv. This option includes Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, and Trichuris trichuria as transmitted by ingestion of eggs. All three produce eggs that are typically ingested to establish infection: Ascaris eggs are ingested from contaminated soil/food, Enterobius eggs are ingested (or via autoinoculation from fingers to mouth), and Trichuris eggs are ingested through contaminated soil/food. This matches the known transmission routes for these species.
Option c: i, iii & iv. This would pair Ascaris lumbricoides with Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichuria. As noted, Strongyloides is not transmitted by ingesting eggs but by skin contact with larvae, so this option is incorrect.
Option d: i, ii & iii. This would include Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, and Strongyloides stercoralis. While Ascaris and Enterobius are egg-ingested, Strongyloides is not; thus this option is also incorrect because it wrongly includes Strongyloides as an egg-ingested transmission.

In summary, the only option that lists the nematodes known to be transmitted by ingestion of eggs (Ascaris, Enterobius, and Trichuris) is option b. i, ii & iv, since Strongyloides transmission relies on larval skin penetration rather than egg ingestion.

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Which of the following intestinal nematodes is/are transmitted by ingestion of the eggs? i. Ascaris lumbricoides ii.Enterobius vermicularis iii.Strongyloides stercoralis iv.Trichuris trichuria

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