If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks which cellular molecules will incorporate radioactive 32P when cells are grown in a medium containing 32P-labeled phosphate.
Option a: phospholipids and carbohydrates. Carbohydrates do not contain phosphate as a core component in most cellular contexts, and while some sugar phosphate intermediates exist, the statement is not broadly accurate for labeling of macromolecules in this scenario. Thus this option is not correct.
Option b: nucleic acids and proteins. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) do contain phosphate backbones and will be labeled with 32P. However, proteins themselves are not composed of phosphate groups as a structural component; they can be phosphorylated post-translationally, but that typically requires kinases acting on specific residues and is not guaranteed by simply providing labeled phosphate to the medium. Therefore this option is only partially correct and not the best overall.
Option c: proteins and phospholipids. While phospholipids do contain phosphate groups and can be labeled, most of the newly incorporated phosphate will be found in nucleotides and phospholipids rather than in proteins as a primary feature. Given the primary incorporation pathways, this choice overstates protein labeling.
Option d: phospholipids and nucleic acids. This option correctly identifies the two main types of cellular molecules that incorporate inorganic phosphate from the medium: nucleic acids gain labeled phosphate in their sugar-phosphate backbone, and phospholipids contain phosphate groups in their head regions. This aligns with the typical outcome of providing 32P-labeled phosphate to growing cells, making this the best-supported choice.

2025 T3 DP DPST1051 BLSC1342 Molecules, Cells and Genes

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?

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