This figure from Friederici (2005) shows event-related potential (ERP) results for linguistic processing in children and adults. Use information provided in the figure to identify the ERP.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To answer accurately, we first restate what the question is asking: identify the ERP component shown in Friederici (2005) for linguistic processing differences between children and adults. The provided option is: N400.

Now, let's analyze the ERP pattern conceptually. The N400 is a negative-going deflection that peaks around ~400 milliseconds after a semantically incongruent or semantically unexpected word is read or heard. It is most prominently observed at centroparietal sites and is typically larger (more negative) for incongruent words than for congruent words, reflecting semantic integration difficulty.

In the figure, you can see two types of trials: incongruent words (dotted lines) and congruent words (solid lines). The time axis runs from about 0 to 1.6 seconds, with the critical processing around the 300–500 ms window where N400 effects are expected. The marked difference between the incongruent and congruent conditions around the ~400 ms region is consistent with a semantic expectancy effect typical of the N400 component. This is further supported by the labeling conventions used in ERP literature: a prominent, polarity-reversed, or distinct negative deflection around 400 ms for semantic manipulation.

Option analysis:
- If we consider alternatives typically discussed in ERP literature (e.g., P600 for syntactic processing or LAN for early syntactic effects), those would present different timing, scalp distribution, or task conditions. The figure here emphasizes semantic incongruity rather than syntactic anomalies, aligning with N400 characteristics rather than P600 or other components.
- Since the dataset provided contains only one option, we cannot contrast directly with other choices in this question. However, given the classic semantic N400 signature—greater negativity for incongruent words around 400 ms on central–parietal sites—the observed pattern in the figure matches the N400 profile.

In summary, the combination of a semantic incongruity manipulation (incongruent vs congruent words), the typical ~400 ms latency window, and the centroparietal distribution all point to the N400 as the ERP component depicted in this Friederici (2005) figure.

COGS 102 Quiz 3

This figure from Friederici (2005) shows event-related potential (ERP) results for linguistic processing in children and adults. Use information provided in the figure to identify the ERP.

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