______________ and ______________ are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst ______________ and ______________ are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

We are asked to identify which option correctly fills the blanks in the sentence: '______________ and ______________ are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst ______________ and ______________ are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.'

Option 1: 'Context; spatial coincidence; expectation; temporal coincidence' Here, the first blank is filled with Context, but context is a top-down factor, not a bottom-up factor. Because the first term should represent a bottom-up factor, this option misclassifies the initial term. Additionally, the sequence would imply spatial coincidence (bottom-up) paired with context and expectation (top-down) in ways that do not consistently align with the required grouping.

Option 2: 'Temporal coincidence; expectation; context; spatial coincidence;' The first blank is Temporal coincidence (a valid bottom-up factor), and the second blank is Expectation (which is a top-down factor). Since the blanks are intended to be two bottom-up factors followed by two top-down factors, placing expectation in the second position disrupts the bottom-up/top-down ordering. This makes the option incorrect due to incorrect grouping order.

Option 3: 'Temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence; context; expectation' The first two terms are Temporal coincidence and Spatial coincidence, both of which are classic bottom-up factors that influence multisensory integration by aligning sensory signals in time and space. The last two terms, Context and Expectation, are classic top-down factors that influence integration via prior knowledge and situational cues. The ordering perfectly matches the required structure: bottom-up factors first, then top-down factors.

Option 4: 'Context; expectation; temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence' The initial term Context is a top-down factor, not bottom-up, so this option incorrectly assigns the first blank. The subsequent terms (temporal and spatial coincidence) are bottom-up factors, which would misplace the intended category in the sequence.

In summary, Option 3 correctly distinguishes bottom-up factors (temporal coincidence and spatial coincidence) from top-down factors (context and expectation), while the other options incorrectly assign or order these categories.

and are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst and are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

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