The waterfall illusion is an example of

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question centers on identifying what the waterfall illusion exemplifies, so we evaluate each option in turn.
Option 1: 'an afterimage' — An afterimage is a visual illusion that persists after a stimulus has been removed, usually changing color or brightness; the waterfall illusion is not simply a lingering image but a directional motion perception after adaptation, so this option mischaracterizes the phenomenon.
Option 2: 'a motion aftereffect' — This is the classic category for the waterfall illusion. Prolonged viewing of downward-moving water leads to a lingering perception of upward motion in a stationary scene due to neural adaptation in motion-sensitive areas of the visual system, which fits the description precisely.
Option 3: 'induced motion' — Induced motion occurs when the movement of one object causes the perception that another nearby object is moving, such as a stationary car appearing to move when the background is moving; this does not capture the adaptation-based aftereffect seen with the waterfall illusion.
Option 4: 'apparent motion' — Apparent motion refers to the perception of motion between two spatially separated stimuli presented in sequence (like the phi phenomenon), not to an aftereffect produced by adaptation to motion; it describes a perceptual illusion of motion rather than a shift in subsequent motion perception after exposure.
Thus, by comparing the definitions and mechanisms, we see that the waterfall illusion aligns with a motion aftereffect rather than the other listed phenomena.

PSYC10003_2025_SM1 Exam: Mind, Brain & Behaviour 1 (PSYC10003_2025_SM1)

The waterfall illusion is an example of

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