What is the molecular geometry about the central atom in the angle shown in the molecule below?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks for the molecular geometry about the central atom in the depicted angle. 
Option 1: trigonal planar. This geometry occurs when the central atom has three regions of electron density (three bonded atoms, typically no lone pairs) arranged around it with ~120° angles in a plane. If the molecule shows three substituents and no lone pairs on the central atom, trigonal planar is consistent with VSEPR predictions. 
Option 2: trigonal pyramid. This shape arises when there are three bonded atoms plus one lone pair on the central atom, giving a pyramidal arrangement with bond angles slightly less than 109.5° (in a typical case around ~107°–109°). The presence of a lone pair would distort the geometry from a flat plane, and the overall shape would appear like a pyramid rather than a flat triangle. 
Option 3: bent. A bent (or V-shaped) geometry occurs when there are two bonded atoms and one or more lone pairs on the central atom, or in some cases with three electron regions but with one lone pair creating a V shape. The angle is typically less than 120° in the three-region case or around 104.5° for water-like scenarios due to lone-pair repulsion. 
Option 4: tetrahedral. This geometry corresponds to four regions of electron density (four bonded atoms, no lone pairs) around the central atom, yielding approximately 109.5° angles in three-dimensional space. If you observe three bonds and one lone pair, the shape would not be tetrahedral. 
Option 5: square pyramid. This is a five-region electron-domain arrangement where four atoms form a square plane and the fifth sits above the plane as a lone pair distribution typically in transition metal complexes or certain coordination compounds. The geometry around the central atom would be square pyramidal only when there are five electron regions with one lone pair arrangement producing that shape. 
In summary, to identify the correct geometry you should count the number of atoms bonded to the central atom and check for lone pairs. If there are three attached atoms and no lone pairs, the description matches a trigonal planar arrangement; presence of a lone pair would shift toward trigonal pyramidal or bent, depending on the exact count of lone pairs and bonds. If there are four bonded atoms and no lone pairs, tetrahedral would be indicated, and so on for more complex five-region cases like square pyramidal. Therefore, the given choice set aligns with the typical VSEPR-based geometries described above.

CHEM 110 Section 3 (PM) SP25 Pre-Lecture 18 Quiz C08-3-4

What is the molecular geometry about the central atom in the angle shown in the molecule below?

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