Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks which cellular component contains its own DNA and ribosomes. In discussing cellular organelles, two key features to examine are: whether the organelle has its own genome (DNA) and whether it houses ribosomes capable of translating some of its own proteins.
Option context is missing here, but we can analyze the concept.
- Mitochondrion: This organelle is well known to contain its own circular DNA and its own ribosomes (mitochondrial ribosomes, similar to bacterial 70S type). This supports its machinery for synthesizing a subset of mitochondrial proteins directly within the organelle, independent of the cellular cytosolic machinery. The presence of both DNA and ribosomes is a classic hallmark supporting endosymbiotic theory for mitochondria.
- Other common cellular components often discussed in this context include nuclei and chloroplasts. The nucleus contains DNA but does not carry its own ribosomes separate from the cytoplasm; ribosomes are synthesized in the nucleolus but function in the cytoplasm, not inside nuclear DNA transcription alone. Chloroplasts (in plants and algae) also contain their own DNA and ribosomes, but since the option list is not provided here, we focus on the stated correct choice that aligns with the described criterion.
- If we consider a general biology test, the statement we’re evaluating is: 'Contains its own DNA and ribosomes'—mitochondria (and chloroplasts, when present) fit this description, whereas the nucleus does not contain independent ribosomes, and other organelles like lysosomes or peroxisomes do not have their own genomes and ribosomes.
In sum, the characteristic combination of an autonomous genome (DNA) and resident translation machinery (ribosomes) within an organelle is exemplified by mitochondria, making it the correct matching choice for the usual question stem about containing its own DNA and ribosomes.

Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes?

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