Which of the following is NOT true of a several day fast (no food)?

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Question: Which of the following is NOT true of a several day fast (no food)?

Option a: 'ketone bodies are formed from fat and protein to provide fuel for red blood cells and brain' This is partly true. Ketone bodies are produced from fat (and to a lesser extent amino acids) to provide alternative fuel for the brain and other tissues when glucose is scarce. Red blood cells, which rely on glucose, still rely on glucose, but ketones help spare protein breakdown in other tissues. The statement is not perfectly precise about all details, but the core idea that ketones form to supply fuel during fasting is generally correct.

Option b: 'basal metabolic rate slows' In a several-day fast, basal metabolic rate (BMR) may decrease modestly as the body adapts to conserve energy. While there can be an initial decline in energy expenditure as a protective mechanism, the overall picture is a complex metabolic adaptation. This option reflects a plausible component of fasting physiology.

Option c: 'basal metabolic rate slows' This appears to be a duplicate idea of option b, emphasizing that BMR slows during fasting. The rationale is similar: energy-conserving adaptations reduce overall metabolic rate over time.

Option d: 'water is stored with glycogen, slowing weight loss' This statement is not accurate in the context of a several-day fast. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles with a significant amount of bound water. When glycogen stores are depleted during fasting, the bound water is released, contributing to rapid initial weight loss. Therefore, the notion that water being stored with glycogen would slow weight loss contradicts the typical weight-change pattern seen during a fast.

In summary, options a, b, and c describe plausible or partially accurate aspects of fasting physiology, while option d asserts a relationship (water storage with glycogen slowing weight loss) that does not align with the conventional understanding that glycogen depletion leads to water release and noticeable early weight loss. The framing in d makes it the NOT-true statement in this context.

Which of the following is NOT true of a several day fast (no food)?

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