Question at position 2 Which genotype(s) produce a dominant phenotype in Mendelian inheritance?Yellow peasAA and aaYellow peas or Green peas. There is not enough information to determine the dominant phenotypeAA onlyAa and AAClear my selection

Question

Question at position 2 Which genotype(s) produce a dominant phenotype in Mendelian inheritance?Yellow peasAA and aaYellow peas or Green peas. There is not enough information to determine the dominant phenotypeAA onlyAa and AAClear my selection

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let's parse the question carefully and lay out what each option is asserting about Mendelian dominance in the yellow vs green pea example.
Option 1: 'Yellow peas' — This option seems to suggest that there is a single genotype or single outcome producing a dominant phenotype (the yellow) without mentioning which genotypes. On its own, it does not specify the genotype(s) that produce the dominant phenotype, so as an answer it is incomplete and incorrect given the question asks which genotype(s) produce the dominant phenotype.
Option 2: 'AA and aa' — Here, this choice claims that both AA and aa genotypes produce the dominant phenotype. In standard Mendelian inheritance with complete dominance, AA is typically dominant for Yellow and aa is recessive for Green, so aa would produce the recessive phenotype, not the dominant one. Therefore this option misidentifies one genotype (aa) as producing the dominant phenotype and is incorrect.
Option 3: 'Yellow peas or Green peas. There is not enough information to determine the dominant phenotype' — This option asserts uncertainty about which phenotype (Yellow or Green) is dominant and even suggests there is not enough information. In the classic Mendelian yellow vs green pea trait, if we assume the standard: a dominant allele (A) produces Yellow when present in at least one copy (AA or Aa), and aa yields Green. Thus, there is enough information to determine that AA and Aa produce the dominant Yellow phenotype. Therefore this option is incorrect because it incorrectly claims insufficient information when the standard interpretation provides a clear answer.
Option 4: 'AA only' — This option states that only the homozygous dominant genotype (AA) yields the dominant phenotype. However, in typical Mendelian genetics, both AA (homozygous dominant) and Aa (heterozygous) produce the dominant phenotype (Yellow) because a single dominant allele is enough to express the dominant trait. Therefore restricting to AA only is incorrect.
Option 5: 'Aa and AA' — This option correctly identifies the genotypes that produce the dominant phenotype (Yellow) under complete dominance: both the homozygous dominant (AA) and the heterozygous (Aa) genotypes yield Yellow, while aa would yield Green. This aligns with the standard Mendelian interpretation of a dominant allele.

In summary, each incorrect option misstates the relationship between genotype and the dominant phenotype by either omitting one of the dominant genotypes, mislabeling the phenotypes produced by a genotype, or by asserting insufficient information where the classical model provides a clear answer. The correct understanding is that both AA and Aa genotypes give the dominant (Yellow) phenotype, while aa gives the recessive (Green) phenotype. The option that reflects this is the one listing 'Aa and AA' as producing the dominant phenotype.

Question at position 2 Which genotype(s) produce a dominant phenotype in Mendelian inheritance?Yellow peasAA and aaYellow peas or Green peas. There is not enough information to determine the dominant phenotypeAA onlyAa and AAClear my selection

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