Where in the brain are memories consolidated?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: Where in the brain are memories consolidated?

Option 1: Content-specific sensory cortices. This choice points to the idea that memory storage is tied directly to the same sensory areas that process the original experience. While sensory cortices participate in aspects of encoding and reactivation, consolidation as a process that stabilizes and reorganizes memories over time is not centered in just these early sensory areas.

Option 2: Perirhinal cortex. The perirhinal cortex is important for aspects of object recognition and familiarity, and it contributes to memory representations. However, it is not the primary hub for the consolidation process that integrates memories across brain networks over time.

Option 3: Hippocampus. The hippocampus is heavily implicated in the initial encoding and rapid binding of information, and it plays a crucial role in systems-level consolidation, coordinating transfer and reorganization of memories to long-term stores in cortex. Its role in the consolidation process is a foundational concept in memory neuroscience.

Option 4: Prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex is important for higher-order functions such as planning, working memory, and retrieval strategies. While it modulates memory processes and supports monitoring during recall, it is not the primary site responsible for the consolidation of memories across brain networks.

Option 5: Orbitofrontal cortex. The orbitofrontal cortex is associated with evaluating reward, value, and decision-making processes. It is not the chief region credited with memory consolidation, making this option unlikely as the main consolidation site.

Synthesis: The core idea of memory consolidation involves stabilizing and reorganizing memory traces, a process in which the hippocampus acts as a central hub before gradual transfer to distributed cortical areas. The other regions listed contribute to encoding, retrieval, or evaluative processes but do not occupy the primary consolidative role described in classical memory theory.

PSYCH 3513 SP2025 (28803) Midterm 2

Where in the brain are memories consolidated?

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