What phrase encapsulated Japan’s Meiji-era modernisation ambitions?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Consider the prompt: identifying the phrase that captured Japan’s Meiji-era modernization ambitions.
Option 1: “Knowledge is power.” While this is a broadly applicable motto in Enlightenment and educational contexts, it does not specifically name Japan’s Meiji program or its official guiding slogan. It reflects a general belief rather than a state policy slogan.
Option 2: “Peace through isolation.” This option describes a stance opposite to Meiji aims. The Meiji era sought engagement with the world, rapid reform, and modernization, not retreat from external contact. Thus this statement mischaracterizes the era’s direction.
Option 3: “Rich nation, strong military.” This is the translated essence of the Meiji-era policy Fukoku kyōhei, which explicitly framed modernization as building economic strength to support a powerful military. It directly matches the well-known objective of the period and is widely taught as the core slogan of Meiji modernization.
Option 4: “Harmony and progress.” Although it conveys positive values, it does not function as the recognized shorthand for Meiji modernization. It may appear in various contexts, but it is not the formal Meiji motto.
Option 5: “One empire under heaven.” This phrase resonates with traditional Chinese political rhetoric (tianxia) rather than Japanese Meiji modernization goals, making it an inaccurate descriptor for Japan’s era.
In summary, the third option aligns with the established historical slogan that framed Meiji modernization—emphasizing economic development as a means to create military and national strength—while the other choices either reflect different contexts, general ideas, or misfit slogans.

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What phrase encapsulated Japan’s Meiji-era modernisation ambitions?

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