Which of the following is a mating system associated with infanticide?

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Question restatement: Which of the following is a mating system associated with infanticide?

Option 1: Promiscuous. In promiscuous systems, both males and females mate with multiple partners, and there is no persistent pair bond. While infanticide can occur in some contexts, promiscuity is not typically singled out as the mating system most closely linked to infanticide, since infanticide is more directly tied to how paternity certainty and parental investment are structured, which varies by system.

Option 2: Polygyny. Polygyny refers to a mating system where a single male mates with multiple females. This arrangement can create intense male competition and contexts in which infanticide may evolve as a strategy to bring females back into estrus after the loss of offspring, thereby increasing the infanticidal-linked selective pressures in species where a dominant male controls access to several females. This association is well-documented in numerous taxa and is commonly discussed in behavioral and evolutionary literature as a mating system linked to infanticide dynamics.

Option 3: Polygamy. Polygamy is a broad umbrella term that includes both polygyny and polyandry. Since the term is generic, it does not specify the exact social structure that would most directly relate to infanticide. While infanticide may occur in some polygamous species, the question typically points to the more specific form (polygyny) that is most consistently connected to infanticide via male takeover or competition among males.

Option 4: Social monogamy. Social monogamy involves a long-term pair bond between one male and one female. Infanticide is not a defining feature of social monogamy; in fact, parental care is often more cooperative and offspring survival is enhanced by pair bonding, making infanticide less characteristic of this system.

Overall assessment: Among the options, polygyny is the mating system most commonly described as being associated with infanticide, due to male dominance, multiple mating partners, and the selective pressures that can lead to infanticidal behavior in certain species. The other options describe mating arrangements that do not align as closely with the infanticide-associated dynamics, either due to lack of persistent male control (promiscuity), overly broad labeling (polygamy), or strengthened parental cooperation (social monogamy).

ANT 301 Unit Exam 3 - Primate Ecology and Behavior

Which of the following is a mating system associated with infanticide?

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