At a price of $3.00, if a consumer is willing to buy 4 cups of tea per week. More precisely, what does this mean?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To interpret the statement, we connect the price, quantity, and the concept of marginal benefit in consumer choice theory.
Option 1: The marginal benefit of consuming the fourth cup is $3.00. This aligns with the idea that a consumer is willing to pay up to the price for the additional unit, so the marginal benefit (the value the consumer places on the fourth cup) equals the price, here $3.00.
Option 2: The total cost of consuming four cups is $3.00. This would only be true if the price applied to all four cups in a lump sum, which contradicts the idea of marginal analysis where each cup has a price, and total cost would be 4 × $3.00 = $12.00, not $3.00.
Option 3: Marginal benefit equals marginal cost when four cups are consumed. In standard optimization, a consumer equates marginal benefit to marginal cost to maximize utility, but here the given information specifies willingness to buy at the price, which directly relates MB to price. Saying MB = MC here is conflating willingness to pay with marginal cost unless MC is defined as price; without that, this statement is incomplete and not the direct interpretation.
Option 4: The marginal cost of producing the fourth cup is $3.00. This question describes a consumer’s willingness to buy, not a producer’s cost. Marginal cost to the producer is not given and, in standard microeconomics, the consumer’s willingness-to-pay relates to marginal benefit, not to the producer’s marginal cost.

At a price of $3.00, if a consumer is willing to buy 4 cups of tea per week. More precisely, what does this mean?

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