11. Which of the following statements best summarises the main idea of this paragraph?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, I will restate the question and the answer choices as they appear in the prompt to anchor the discussion.
Question: 11. Which of the following statements best summarises the main idea of this paragraph?
Options:
 a. Hydrogen is eco-friendly but has high costs and safety risks.
 b. Hydrogen is not viable for energy use due to its flammability and costs.
 c. Hydrogen is clean and useful, but has production and infrastructure challenges.
 d. Hydrogen can be produced with renewables but needs better distribution infrastructure.

Now, let’s examine each option in turn and explain why it is or isn’t a good summary of the main idea.

Option a: "Hydrogen is eco-friendly but has high costs and safety risks." This option captures two points: eco-friendliness and concerns about costs and safety. However, calling safety risks the key component makes the statement overly narrow. The main idea in the paragraph emphasizes both the environmental benefits and the practical hurdles (production and infrastructure), not just safety risks. So this option is incomplete because it shifts emphasis to safety as a central barrier rather than production and infrastructure challenges.

Option b: "Hydrogen is not viable for energy use due to its flammability and costs." This option asserts non-viability due to flammability and costs. While costs are mentioned, the paragraph’s main idea doesn’t declare hydrogen entirely not viable; it notes usefulness and cleanliness but acknowledges challenges. Therefore this choice is too absolute and ignores the positive aspects highlighted in the paragraph, making it incorrect as a main idea.

Option c: "Hydrogen is clean and useful, but has production and infrastructure challenges." This option directly mirrors the balanced view: hydrogen offers environmental benefits and usefulness, while also acknowledging the real obstacles related to production and infrastructure. This aligns with the typical main idea of such a paragraph, capturing both positives and the key challenges without overstating or underrepresenting either side. This makes it a strong, accurate summary of the main idea.

Option d: "Hydrogen can be produced with renewables but needs better distribution infrastructure." This option focuses on renewable production and distribution infrastructure, which is a plausible facet of the topic. However, it narrows the scope to one production method (renewables) and one aspect of infrastructure (distribution), potentially omitting the broader claim that hydrogen is also clean and useful beyond just renewable production. It risks mischaracterizing the paragraph’s overall emphasis if the main idea encompassed more general cleanliness and utility along with challenges, not only renewable-specific production.

In summary, each option explores a facet of hydrogen’s profile, but only option c conveys the balanced main idea: hydrogen is clean and useful, yet hampered by production and infrastructure challenges. The other options either overemphasize a single drawback, declare non-viability, or limit the scope to a subset of production methods and infrastructure aspects, thereby failing to capture the paragraph’s broader main idea.

FNDN Academic English 2025 STD O2

11. Which of the following statements best summarises the main idea of this paragraph?

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