A literature review is a critical evaluation, not just a summary of existing research.

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The statement under consideration is: a literature review is a critical evaluation, not just a summary of existing research.
Option 1: True. This aligns with the core purpose of a literature review in scholarly work. A literature review should do more than recount what studies found; it should assess the quality, relevance, and contribution of prior work, identify gaps, synthesize themes, and provide a framework for presenting the current state of knowledge. By critically evaluating sources, the reviewer can argue how findings support or challenge existing theories and where future research is needed.
Option 2: False. If one were to treat a literature review as only a summary, it would miss important evaluative components such as methodological rigor, biases, limitations, and the strength of evidence. Merely listing results without analysis fails to demonstrate how the literature informs the research question, undermines the purpose of situating new work within the field, and neglects the synthesis that connects disparate studies into a coherent narrative.
In general, the distinction between a descriptive summary and a critical evaluation is central to scholarly writing. A critical literature review engages with the sources beyond surface-level reporting, asking questions like: How well do the methods support the conclusions? Are there conflicting findings? What are the theoretical or empirical implications? These aspects are what elevate a literature review from a simple summary to a meaningful scholarly analysis.

FOUND304-25B (HAM) - Research Methods

A literature review is a critical evaluation, not just a summary of existing research.

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