In the following excerpt from a literature review, there are 4 sentences. Read the paragraph and identify which sentences are identifying a problem that could be solved with further research: "The process of ploymerisation basically forms a long chain molecule from short chain molecules (Moeller et al. 1989). The obvious benefit of polymerization is that by increasing the size of the molecule, it becomes less soluble and also less able to be carried in the ground water. However, the reaction process means that it will only be effective for organic monomers. As with all in-situ chemical technologies, the chemicals added to the aquifer may react to form toxic substances (Knox et al 1985).

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The task asks you to determine which sentences in the excerpt identify a problem that could be solved with further research.

First, consider what constitutes a 'problem that could be solved with further research.' Such sentences typically point to limitations, gaps, or uncertainties that warrant investigation and improvement.

Option analyzed: b. The 3rd and 4th sentences.
- 3rd sentence: 'However, the reaction process means that it will only be effective for organic monomers.' This highlights a limitation of the polymerization process. The fact that its effectiveness is restricted to a subset of monomers is a clear researchable problem: can the method be extended to inorganic monomers, or can the process be modified to broaden its applicability?
- 4th sentence: 'As with all in-situ chemical technologies, the chemicals added to the aquifer may react to form toxic substances (Knox et al 1985).' This identifies a potential safety and environmental risk associated with the technology. Investigating the conditions that lead to toxic byproducts, or developing safer additives and controls, is a classic avenue for further research.

Why other imaginary options would be less appropriate (if they existed): If an option claimed that all sentences describe problems suitable for further research, that would be incorrect because the first two sentences may be presenting background information or factual statements rather than explicit problems or research gaps. If an option claimed that none of the sentences pose solvable problems, that would contradict the explicit limitations and safety concerns highlighted in the 3rd and 4th sentences.

In summary, the 3rd sentence identifies a practical limitation of applicability, and the 4th sentence flags a potential environmental risk—both of which are typical targets for further research to address or mitigate the problems described.

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