Question at position 15 Dr. Bhagwat conducts observational studies of adolescents interacting with peers during problem-solving tasks. She records each 30-minute interaction and then has the students in her laboratory code prosocial behaviors in the adolescents as they view each video. Because she has several students coding the videos, she calculates how reliable their scores are with each other by having them all code the same videos periodically. Which type of reliability is Dr. Bhagwat calculating?test-retest reliabilityinternal validityinterrater reliabilityinternal reliabilityClear my selection

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In this scenario, the researcher has multiple students coding the same videos and is assessing how consistently these different coders score the same observed behaviors. This is a classic example of evaluating agreement among raters or coders, not about consistency of the measure over time or about study design validity.

Option 1: test-retest reliability. This would involve administering the same measure to the same participants on two or more different occasions to see if the results are stable over time. That is not what's happening here, since the coding reliability is about different coders, not time.

Option 2: internal validity. Internal validity concerns whether the study design allows for causal inferences and whether confounding variables are controlled. It does not pertain to how similarly different raters score the data in this observational coding scenario.

Option 3: interrater reliability. This is precisely the concept in play: multiple independent raters coding the same behavior and then assessing the degree of agreement or consistency between them. High interrater reliability means coders are interpreting and applying the coding scheme in a similar way.

Option 4: internal reliability. The term internal reliability typically refers to methods like Cronbach's alpha that assess consistency among items within a test. It does not describe agreement between different raters coding observational data.

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