Which one of the following compounds (1 to 4) corresponds to the IR spectrum shown? (you can refer to a table of characteristic absorptions) Spectra reproduced with permission from NIST

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks which of the labeled compounds (1 to 4) corresponds to the provided IR spectrum, and the given answer indicates: Cannot be determined without compound structures.

Option a (1): To assess whether this choice could be correct, we would need to know the functional groups present in structure 1. An IR spectrum can show peaks for certain functional groups (e.g., broad O–H around 3200–3550 cm-1, sharp C=O near 1700 cm-1, C≡N around 2220 cm-1, etc.), but without the actual structure we cannot definitively map features to specific bonds. If structure 1 lacks distinguishing absorptions or blends them with other peaks, identification from IR alone could be inconclusive.

Option b (2): The same logic applies. Even if the spectrum displays particular bands, associating them uniquely to structure 2 requires knowledge of which functional groups are present in that molecule. IR spectra can be ambiguous when multiple functional groups overlap or when a molecule contains similar absorptions from different moieties.

Option c (3): Likewise, without seeing the chemical formula or functional groups in structure 3, we cannot confidently assign the spectrum to it. Some absorptions may be characteristic, but multiple structures can share similar IR features, leading to ambiguity.

Option d (4): The absence of structure 4 information means we can't conclude. An IR spectrum might suggest certain functionalities, but without structural context or a table of characteristic absorptions for each compound, misassignment is possible.

In general, infrared spectroscopy provides information about functional groups via characteristic absorptions, but mapping a spectrum to a specific compound among several candidates requires structural details or additional data. Therefore, the correct stance is that the spectrum cannot be uniquely assigned to any one of the four labeled compounds without their structures, explaining why the provided answer is 'Cannot be determined without compound structures.'

Which one of the following compounds (1 to 4) corresponds to the IR spectrum shown? (you can refer to a table of characteristic absorptions) Spectra reproduced with permission from NIST

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