Required information
Skip to question

Complete the following activity and then answer the related questions. Start the activity by clicking on the “Next” button on the activity screen.

You are in an unfamiliar city. You stop by the front desk at your hotel and ask the clerk for a map with directions to the café where you are meeting a friend for lunch. The clerk tells you that they do not have any more free maps, but they do have a map behind their desk where they can show you the route. You watch them trace the route on the map and try to memorize the route and landmarks. Which of the following statements is false?

Question

Required information
Skip to question

Complete the following activity and then answer the related questions. Start the activity by clicking on the “Next” button on the activity screen.

You are in an unfamiliar city. You stop by the front desk at your hotel and ask the clerk for a map with directions to the café where you are meeting a friend for lunch. The clerk tells you that they do not have any more free maps, but they do have a map behind their desk where they can show you the route. You watch them trace the route on the map and try to memorize the route and landmarks. Which of the following statements is false?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The scenario asks which statement is false about Sperling's iconic memory research and related sensory memory concepts. 
Option 1: 'In Sperling's experiments, most of his subjects resorted to guessing when their iconic memories failed them; however, they were almost always right when they guessed, because they had seen the stimulus previously. If you can’t remember the map exactly, you should just guess which way to turn on the way to lunch.' This claim is inconsistent with Sperling's findings. While participants could often report or report partial information when cued, guessing and being reliably correct simply because they had seen the stimulus previously is not what the iconic memory studies demonstrated. Iconic memory decays rapidly, and successful guessing does not represent a reliable strategy tied to actual iconic memory performance. The assertion overstates the reliability of guessing from brief icon memory.

Option 2: 'Human beings store information, like the information that you saw on the map, rather accurately in their sensory memories.' This statement overstates the durability and fidelity of sensory memory. Sperling showed that iconic memory has a high capacity but very brief duration, and accuracy declines quickly without cues or partial reporting. It’s not accurate to claim that sensory memories are stored 'quite accurately' for extended use; the short-lived nature is the key point.

Option 3: 'In Sperling's experiments, he showed that even though subjects initially saw all the letters, their icon had faded away by the time they could name four or five letters. So, while is unlikely that you will remember the route, it doesn’t mean that you didn’t see the entire map.' This aligns with the partial-report findings: participants could report a subset of items when cued but not all items after full recall due to rapid decay. It emphasizes that seeing the entire stimulus occurred even if full naming wasn’t possible after the brief iconic decay, which matches the established interpretation.

Option 4: 'Individuals do not retain sensory (or iconic) memories for very long. In fact, visual (or iconic) sensory memory only lasts a small fraction of a second. It is unlikely that you will be able to remember the route just using your iconic memory.' This is a correct description of iconic memory’s duration and its limitations for recalling detailed information after a few tenths of a second, which is consistent with Sperling’s results.

查看解析

登录即可查看完整答案

类似问题

Question at position 2 The ability to see the afterglow of a sparkler as continuing when someone moves it back and forth is due to your___________ memory storage.semantic (meaning)structural (visual)acoustic (phonemic)Sensory/iconicsensory/echoic

Question at position 9 As Steve drives through the highway, he notices a bright neon sign. Despite passing the sign, he is able to see the words for a brief moment. In this scenario, Steve was able to recall the image due to hisiconic memory.echoic memory.procedural memory.implicit memory.

Sperling (1960) conducted a series of well-known experiments in which participants were presented stimuli consisting of three rows of letters. Overall, he found that participants:

Which statement correctly describes how Sperling modified his partial report method to measure the duration of visual sensory memory, AND what is the estimated duration of the iconic trace using this method?

Why was the partial report paradigm better at measuring iconic memory capacity than the whole report paradigm?

In Sperling's whole report paradigm, why do participants typically only report about 5 items?

更多留学生实用工具

考试浏览器助手

风格化写作助手

论文查重助手

文献引用助手

课堂转译助手

课堂笔记助手

Quiz搜索助手

学校历年真题

智能刷题助手

智能匹配练习

希望你的学习变得更简单