Which of the following is a factor in the heat capacity of an object?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Consider what determines the heat capacity of an object. The first idea to examine is mass: for a given material, the more mass an object has, the more energy is needed to raise its temperature by a given amount, so mass scales the heat capacity. Next, enthalpy is a thermodynamic property describing the total heat content at constant pressure; it does not by itself set how much energy is required to change temperature for a standalone object. In other words, enthalpy relates to the state of the system, not to the incremental energy required per degree of temperature change in a simple way for a single object. Turning to shape: while shape can influence how quickly an object exchanges heat with its surroundings (through surface area, convection, and radiation), it does not determine the intrinsic heat capacity, which is an intrinsic property tied to the material and its mass. Finally, potential energy concerns the position of an object within a field and does not define how much energy is needed to change the object’s internal temperature absent other context; heat capacity is about how the internal energy changes with temperature, not about gravitational or other potential energy terms. Therefore, among the options, mass stands out as a direct factor that scales the amount of energy required to raise the object’s temperature, whereas the other options either describe system-wide thermodynamic quantities or factors that affect heat transfer rather than the material’s capacity to store heat. In summary, the option pointing to mass aligns with the fundamental relationship between mass and heat capacity, while the rest describe properties or factors not determining the intrinsic heat capacity.

Which of the following is a factor in the heat capacity of an object?

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