What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks what happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed. 
Option 1: The temperature increases. This is generally true because compressing a gas involves doing work on the gas, which increases its internal energy and raises its temperature (for an ideal gas, the temperature rise is governed by the first law of thermodynamics and, in adiabatic compression, by the relation PV^γ = constant). 
Option 2: The temperature does not change. This would only be true if no heat could enter or leave the system and if no work affected the internal energy, which contradicts compression where work is done on the gas, so the temperature typically changes. 
Option 3: The temperature decreases. This would imply removal of internal energy or cooling during compression, which is inconsistent with the basic effect of compressing a gas where external work increases internal energy and raises temperature (except in special, non-typical scenarios with heat exchange that counteracts heating, but not the general case). 
Option 4: The temperature becomes unpredictable. In standard gas compression, the temperature change follows clear thermodynamic relationships depending on whether the process is adiabatic or involves heat transfer; thus it is not inherently unpredictable.

Chemistry (H) - Varnold - Preparatory Academy - 2nd Semester - 2024/2025 Gases Practice Test for the Final

What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed?

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