What two factors affect grapes ripening?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To determine what two factors affect grapes ripening, we should evaluate each option based on how grape maturation responds to environmental conditions.
Option a: 'sunlight and soil' - While sunlight is indeed a factor in ripening, soil itself is not a direct driver of maturation timing or sugar accumulation in grapes. Soil can influence water and nutrient availability, which in turn affect vine health, but the pair 'sunlight and soil' misidentifies soil as a direct ripening factor rather than an indirect influence.
Option b: 'sunlight and heat' - This pair aligns with the core physiological drivers of ripening. Sunlight provides energy for photosynthesis, leading to sugar production in grape berries, and heat accelerates metabolic processes and ripening rates. Together, these are commonly cited as primary environmental controls on grape ripening.
Option c: 'water and soil' - Water availability affects vine growth and can influence ripening indirectly through irrigation strategies and canopy management, but on its own it is not a direct, primary factor identified for ripening timing in grapes. Soil is also an indirect factor rather than a standalone direct driver of ripening.
Option d: 'heat and water' - Heat is a direct driver of ripening, yet pairing it with water without sunlight omits the crucial energy input from photosynthesis. While water status interacts with ripening (via stress or irrigation), this combination lacks the explicit role of light energy that sunlight contributes to sugar synthesis in the berries.
In summary, among the listed combinations, the pairing that most accurately captures the primary, direct influences on grape ripening is the one that includes sunlight as the energy source for sugars and heat as the factor that modulates the rate of ripening. The other options either replace sunlight with a less direct factor or mix components that do not collectively represent the core drivers of ripening in grapevines.

What two factors affect grapes ripening?

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