Friedel-Crafts Alkylation requires catalytic AlCl3.

Friedel-Crafts Acylation requires 1 eq AlCl3.

Question

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation requires catalytic AlCl3.

Friedel-Crafts Acylation requires 1 eq AlCl3.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question presents two statements about Friedel-Crafts reactions and AlCl3, tied to alkylation and acylation, and asks us to judge them.
Statement 1: 'Friedel-Crafts Alkylation requires catalytic AlCl3.' This is generally true in classic Friedel-Crafts alkylation: a catalytic amount of a Lewis acid catalyst (AlCl3) is used to generate the carbocation-equivalent electrophile and to activate the alkyl halide, with the catalyst being regenerated at the end of the cycle. The emphasis here is on catalytic usage rather than stoichiometric consumption, so describing it as catalytic aligns with standard teaching.
Statement 2: 'Friedel-Crafts Acylation requires 1 eq AlCl3.' This statement is misleading if interpreted as a strict requirement to use exactly one equivalent that is consumed. In Friedel-Crafts acylation, AlCl3 acts as a Lewis acid catalyst to generate the acylium ion from an acid chloride; the catalytic cycle typically uses catalytic amounts, and AlCl3 is regenerated and not consumed in the overall reaction. While some practical protocols may use stoichiometric or near-stoichiometric amounts under specific conditions or to drive challenging substrates, the canonical mechanism treats AlCl3 as a catalyst, not a reactant consumed in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Therefore, the claim that it 'requires 1 eq' is not generally accurate.

In summary, Statement 1 is correct in the conventional sense of Friedel-Crafts alkylation needing catalytic AlCl3, while Statement 2 is incorrect because Friedel-Crafts acylation is typically described as catalytic with AlCl3 rather than requiring exactly one equivalent consumed. For a student’s understanding, it helps to distinguish between the role of AlCl3 as a catalyst (not consumed) and any specific experimental variations where one might push toward stoichiometric use under unusual conditions, which is not the standard depiction.

If you were asked to select the true statements, the first statement would be chosen as true, and the second as false based on the usual mechanistic description. The language here hinges on whether you interpret 'requires 1 eq' as a strict, universal rule or as a possible experimental nuance; the conventional teaching favors catalysis for both reactions, with alkylation explicitly described as catalytic and acylation typically treated the same way in standard curricula.

CHE 008B A01 SS1 2025 Lecture 5 - Friedel-Crafts Reactions

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation requires catalytic AlCl3. Friedel-Crafts Acylation requires 1 eq AlCl3.

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