During exercise, Beta oxidation is responsible for:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I will evaluate what beta-oxidation does during exercise and then assess each option.
Option 1: 'The activation of free fatty acids (FFA) to fatty acyl-CoA for transport into the mitochondria' — This step is catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase and is part of fatty acid mobilization and transport into mitochondria, not the actual beta-oxidation process. Therefore, this statement describes a preparatory step rather than beta-oxidation itself.
Option 2: 'Conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to lactate, for subsequent gluconeogenesis' — Lactate production arises from glycolysis, not from beta-oxidation. Fatty acyl-CoA is not converted to lactate; this pathway would be inconsistent with fatty acid oxidation and energy production during endurance exercise. This is incorrect for beta-oxidation.
Option 3: 'Conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to glycogen to enter glycolysis' — Glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) is the storage form of glucose. Fatty acyl-CoA is not converted into glycogen, and glycolysis involves glucose breakdown, not direct fatty acid entry. This option misstates the metabolic fate of fatty acyl-CoA during exercise.
Option 4: 'Conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to Acetyl CoA for the Krebs Cycle' — This precisely describes beta-oxidation: fatty acids are broken down in steps to generate acetyl-CoA, which then feeds the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) for ATP production. Each cycle shortens the fatty acyl chain by two carbons, releasing acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH2 that fuel the electron transport chain. This aligns with the canonical role of beta-oxidation during exercise when fat oxidation increases for sustained energy.
In summary, the options present various metabolic steps, but only the fourth option correctly matches the beta-oxidation process by producing acetyl-CoA for entry into the Krebs cycle, which is central to fatty acid-derived energy during exercise.

Dashboard End-semester final theory exam

During exercise, Beta oxidation is responsible for:

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