Which variable could affect the study's results but is kept out of the study?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let’s break down what each term means in the context of research design and then evaluate which one fits the prompt.
Option 1 — Dependent Variable: The dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment. It is the outcome that may change in response to the manipulation of the independent variable. Since it is the focus of measurement rather than a potential outside influence, it does not fit the idea of something kept out of the study to avoid bias.
Option 2 — Control Variable: A control variable is deliberately kept constant or held steady so it does not influence the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. It is not something kept out to affect results; instead, it is something kept in to ensure a fair test. Therefore, this option describes something intentionally included, not excluded.
Option 3 — Extraneous Variable: An extraneous variable is any variable other than the independent variable that could affect the dependent variable and thus threaten the study’s internal validity. When researchers discuss variables that could affect outcomes but are kept out of the study, they are referring to extraneous variables that are uncontrolled or unaccounted for. This matches the description in the question.
Option 4 — Independent Variable: The independent variable is the factor that researchers deliberately manipulate to observe its effect on the dependent variable. It is central to the study design and is not kept out; rather, it is the variable under investigation. This makes it an unlikely fit for the idea of something that could affect results but is kept out.
Overall, the key distinction is between variables that researchers actively manage or measure (dependent, independent, or control variables) and variables that could introduce unintended effects if not controlled (extraneous variables). The statement about something that could affect results but is kept out aligns with extraneous variables, which are potential confounds not included or controlled in the study.

HLTH2001-Research Healthcare Practices, T3 2025

Which variable could affect the study's results but is kept out of the study?

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