Question at position 4 Immanuel KantRené DescartesAristotleJohn LockeDavid Hume

Question

Question at position 4 Immanuel KantRené DescartesAristotleJohn LockeDavid Hume

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question lists the following philosophers as options: Immanuel Kant, René Descartes, Aristotle, John Locke, and David Hume.

Option 1: Immanuel Kant. This choice is incorrect for the quoted phrase because Kant is best known for his synthesis of rationalism and empiricism in the critique of pure reason, not for the assertion "I think, therefore I am." The famous cogito is not attributed to Kant.

Option 2: René Descartes. This is the correct source of the statement "cogito, ergo sum" meaning "I think, therefore I am." Descartes introduced methodological doubt and sought an indubitable foundation for knowledge; the cogito becomes the foundational certainty in his philosophy.

Option 3: Aristotle. Aristotle’s philosophy centers on virtue ethics, causes, and the doctrine of the four causes, among other ideas. The specific maxim about thinking leading to existence is not part of his core claim set.

Option 4: John Locke. Locke is a key figure in empiricism and the theory of mind and the social contract, but he did not formulate the cogito. His emphasis was on experience shaping knowledge, not the self-evident truth of thinking existence.

Option 5: David Hume. Hume, another prominent empiricist, argued against innate ideas and emphasized perception as the source of knowledge. He would challenge the certainty of a self that thinks, rather than affirming it as indubitable like the cogito; thus this option is incorrect for attributing the phrase to him.

Question at position 4 Immanuel KantRené DescartesAristotleJohn LockeDavid Hume

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