Hunds rule says

Question

Hunds rule says

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To begin, let’s recall the essence of Hund’s rule in atomic structure: among orbitals of the same energy (degenerate orbitals), electrons will occupy these orbitals singly with parallel spins before any orbital gets a second electron.
Option 1: 'fill across degenerate orbitals' aligns with Hund’s rule because it describes occupying each degenerate orbital one electron at a time before pairing occurs, maximizing unpaired electrons with the same spin.
Option 2: 'fill each orbital before filling across a degenerate level' describes putting two electrons into the same orbital before moving to another degenerate orbital, which contradicts Hund’s rule that favors parallel spins in separate degenerate orbitals.
Option 3: 'start filling from the highest orbital' suggests a preference for the energetically highest level first, which is the opposite of Aufbau-related reasoning and not how Hund’s rule operates; Hund’s rule concerns ordering within degenerate subshells, not skipping to high-energy orbitals.
The correct concept is that electrons occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing, so option 1 accurately captures Hund’s rule, while options 2 and 3 misstate the distribution principle within degenerate levels.

1A W25 Electron Configuration and Energy Level Diagrams

Hunds rule says

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