Which form(s) of energy can be transmitted through a vacuum (of space)?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When considering what forms of energy can travel through a vacuum (space), we need to recall the nature of different waves and the mediums they require.
Option 1: 'light, only' — This is correct because light is an electromagnetic wave and can propagate through empty space without a medium. This is a fundamental property of EM waves; they do not need air or another material to travel.
Option 2: 'neither light nor sound' — This is false. Light does travel through a vacuum, so declaring that neither can travel is incorrect.
Option 3: 'sound, only' — This is incorrect because sound is a mechanical wave that requires a medium (like air, water, or a solid) to transfer vibrations. In a vacuum there is no medium, so sound cannot propagate.
Option 4: 'sound and light' — While this would be true in a medium, it is incorrect for a vacuum. Light can travel in a vacuum, but sound cannot; therefore this combined statement is inaccurate in space environments.

Which form(s) of energy can be transmitted through a vacuum (of space)?

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