How does the enzyme CYP3A4 contribute to drug metabolism?[Fill in the blank]

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To start, let's examine what CYP3A4 does in drug metabolism. This enzyme is a member of the cytochrome P450 family and primarily mediates oxidative transformations.
Option a: By hydrolysing drugs into smaller molecules. Hydrolysis is typically carried out by other enzymes (like certain esterases or amidases), not the classic CYP450 monooxygenase reactions, so this is incorrect for CYP3A4.
Option b: By adding an oxygen atom to the drug molecule. This describes the core reaction of many CYP450 enzymes, including CYP3A4, which introduces an oxygen (oxidation) into substrates, often forming hydroxylated metabolites. This is correct.
Option c: By conjugating drugs with glucuronic acid. Glucuronidation is handled by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), not CYP3A4, so this is false for this enzyme.
Option d: By transporting drugs across cell membranes. Transport across membranes is a function of transporters (e.g., P-glycoprotein, various solute carriers), not the catalytic oxidation performed by CYP3A4, making this option incorrect.

How does the enzyme CYP3A4 contribute to drug metabolism?[Fill in the blank]

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