The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called ________.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Consider what the question is asking: the term that describes both the chemical and mechanical processes that break down food.
Option A: absorption. Absorption refers to the uptake of nutrients from the digestive tract into the bloodstream or lymphatic system, not the breakdown itself, so this is not the best fit for the described processes.
Option B: digestion. Digestion encompasses both mechanical (chewing, mixing, grinding) and chemical (enzymatic, hydrolytic) processes that convert food into absorbable components, which directly matches the definition in the question.
Option C: secretion. Secretion means the release of substances like enzymes, acid, or mucus into the digestive tract, aiding digestion, but it is not the name of the entire breakdown process itself.
Option D: ingestion. Ingestion is the act of taking food into the mouth; it starts the process but does not describe the breakdown that follows, so it’s not correct for the combined mechanical and chemical processes.
Option E: peristalsis. Peristalsis is the wave-like muscular movement that propels contents through the digestive tract; it contributes to digestion but does not, by itself, denote the chemical + mechanical breakdown as a whole.
Summarizing the distinctions: digestion uniquely integrates both physical breakdown and chemical alteration of food, whereas the other terms refer to broader or different aspects of the digestive system.

The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called ________.

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