What dietary assessment methods were used in the 1997 National Nutrition Survey?

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Question restatement: What dietary assessment methods were used in the 1997 National Nutrition Survey?

Options:
- a. Diet record and food frequency questionnaire
- b. 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire
- c. 24 hour recall and food record
- d. Diet history and direct observation

Option a: Diet record and food frequency questionnaire. While diet records (food diaries) and FFQs are common dietary assessment tools, this combination does not match the standard pairing reported for the 1997 National Nutrition Survey, making this option unlikely.

Option b: 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire. This pairing is a well-established combination for national surveys: the 24-hour recall captures detailed intake for a recent day, and the FFQ estimates usual intake over a longer period. This aligns with typical methodological designs used in large-scale nutrition surveys, making this option the most plausible match for the 1997 survey.

Option c: 24 hour recall and food record. A 24-hour recall paired with a food record is less common in large national surveys due to the higher participant burden and recording requirements of a food record, which reduces feasibility for large samples. This makes it a less likely pairing for the 1997 survey.

Option d: Diet history and direct observation. Diet history and direct observation are more often used in smaller, detailed studies or specialized settings rather than a national survey, which seeks scalable methods. This combination is not typical for a national nutrition survey of that era.

Summary: Among the options, the combination that best fits standard national survey practices—balancing recall-based data with an instrument capturing habitual intake—is option b. 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire.

What dietary assessment methods were used in the 1997 National Nutrition Survey?

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