Which of the following is an assumption of the decision-making process followed by consumers to maximize utility?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To begin, we identify what the standard consumer decision-making model assumes when aiming to maximize utility. The model emphasizes budget constraints, rational choice, knowledge of preferences, and reacting to prices.
Option 1: 'The consumer oftentimes is not sure about her preferences.' This is incorrect because a core assumption is that consumers have well-defined preferences that they seek to maximize, not ambiguity about them.
Option 2: 'The consumer considers the prices of the products.' This aligns with the budget constraint idea: consumers compare prices to allocate income across goods to maximize satisfaction.
Option 3: 'Marginal utility always increases as more units of a good are consumed.' This contradicts the common principle of diminishing marginal utility, where each additional unit provides less extra satisfaction, not more.
Option 4: 'The consumer’s income increases as prices of goods increase.' This reverses the causal relationship: typically, prices change independently of income, and a higher price level reduces real purchasing power unless income also rises; the model treats income as given (budget constraint) and analyzes how prices affect choices, not that income rises with prices.
Thus, the option that correctly reflects the assumption central to maximizing utility under a budget constraint is that the consumer considers the prices of the products.

Which of the following is an assumption of the decision-making process followed by consumers to maximize utility?

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